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European emission legislation
Rytina, Matěj ; Kučera, Pavel (referee) ; Píštěk, Václav (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to write about exhaust emissions and their influence on environment, briefly sum issue of emission standards up and mainly sum existing facts about the “Dieselgate” affair up. I wanted to objectively evaluate this issue in my bachelor thesis. Asset of this thesis was mend to be in fact that this affair has not been academically covered yet.
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Trends in the development of hybrid vehicles
Ďurica, Matej ; Tobiáš, Martin (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to make brief research in the hybrid automotive department, focused on the last ten years of development. The first part describes the categories of hybrid vehicles with an emphasis on the development of accumulators and related technology. An important part is the advantages and disadvantages of systems and drives. The second part deals with the future of hybrid drives, applications mainly in heavy industry, and the possibilities of changing "heavy" fossil fuels with "greener" alternatives. At the end of the work is the evaluation of the impact of the COVID crisis on the automotive industry.
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Ignition engine emissions
Semela, Lukáš ; Píštěk, Václav (referee) ; Kaplan, Zdeněk (advisor)
This thesis deals with emissions of ignition engines. The introduction acquaints the reader with the history and lays out the reasons why it is a crucial topic to be dealt with. Furthermore, the term emission is being explained as well as the description of its chemical composition, the impact on the environment and human organism. The method of measuring is also mentioned in this thesis. Then the explanation continues with European Union’s current legislation. The whole thesis is concluded with information on the additional modification of emissions and chapter that outlines the future of automobiles regarding the environment.
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40/5000 Fine particles produced by the stove
Škvařil, Ondřej ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
This master thesis deals with problematics of fine particles produced during combustion in fireplace stoves. The theoretical part is focused on the analysis of the atmosphere, health consequences, solid pollutants, the formation of particles (origin), particle separation and how they are regulated by laws. Theoretical section of the thesis addresses analysis of biomass and its combustion. In the applied section are listed given methods of the particles measuring according to regulations, common errors during measurement and methods of identification of measured fine particles. Then follow specific measurements of the formed very fine particles produced by the SMPS method. Subsequently, the results of the measurement are evaluated and summarized in the conclusion.
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Alternative powertrains of vehicles
Filip, Vojtěch ; Kučera, Pavel (referee) ; Píštěk, Václav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is the analysis of most common alternative drive systems currently used in cars, their comparison with the current gasoline and diesel engines. Familiarization with the technical solutions of drives, their categorization into several groups according to the specific key features. It also deals the most important components of an alternative fuels automobiles, respecting their strengths and also weaknesses that currently hinder expansion of these propulsions, economically as well as technically.
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Hydrogen vs. electricity - comparison of energy performance of EV powertrains
Šándor, Kristián ; Mišík, Ondrej (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
The topic of emission reduction and the increase in the share of energy produced from renewable sources remains actual and highly discussed in 2021. It was the major reason why I chose to compose this bachelor’s thesis, in which I aim to critically evaluate and compare the energy performance of an electrical vehicle and a hydrogen vehicle. The theoretical part of the thesis outlines the aforementioned drivetrains as well as the plug-in hybrid drivetrain. The practical part of the thesis focuses on calculations of the energy performance of the drivetrains for the year 2021 with a rational estimate for 2050. The methods of electricity and hydrogen production are crucial for energy performance evaluation. Data shows that electric cars operated in countries with a high share of energy produced from renewable sources are the least energetically demanding. On the other hand, if the energy production depends predominantly on fossil fuels, it is more efficient to operate a hydrogen vehicle. Calculations show that when considering the indirect emissions during the operation as well as the energy performance, the plug-in hybrid vehicles are the least efficient. The difference in efficiency between electric and hydrogen vehicles varies depending on the mode of energy production of that specific country. The conclusion of this thesis also discusses advantages, disadvantages and technological challenges concerning the aforementioned drivetrains.
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Boilers with medium capacity for biomass combustion of czech and foreign production
Habán, Tomáš ; Kropáč, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The main objective of this work is to focus on biomass as one of the components of renewable energy sources for the production of thermal energy by combustion. The introduction of work maps the current state of biomass used in the Czech Republic. It evaluates options for future uses for biomass and also the size of the potential in the natural conditions of the Czech Republic. It also views this renewable resource from the point of view of energy conception and evaluace the government positron on this issue. Next part deals with the combustion of biomass and with the use of created thermal energy. It ruminate a problem of pollutants and shows values for emission limits results from the legislation. It shows ways of using this thermal energy and the associated production of electrical energy including an overview of the possibilities of its evaluation. The last part of this work describes a comparison between biomass boilers from Czech and foreign producers in the range of rated output 1 to 3 MW. It divides boilers in terms of legislation and shows the obligations and conditions attached to the operators of biomass boilers. It outlines the biggest application of boilers with medium capacity for biomass combustion in the Czech Republic.
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An emission reduction systems for vehicles with gasoline engines
Filip, Josef ; Fridrichová, Kateřina (referee) ; Böhm, Michael (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with ways for emission reduction of passenger cars with an ignition engine. The introduction describes the principle of combustion, the methods of preparation of the ignition mixture and pollutants that arise during the combustion. In the main part of the work, the individual specific provisions for reducing emissions used in modern vehicles are analyzed in detail. Further the examples of current emission systems for several selected cars are presented. All the findings are summarized in the following chapter. In the next part, own configuration of the emission system is described in detail, which is designed with the regard to maximum efficiency in reducing emissions. The summary together with the evaluation of the current situation and the outline of the possible direction for further development in this area are in the last part of this work.
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Boilers for solid fuel
Hotový, Michal ; Štelcl, Otakar (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The task of this bachelor thesis is write up a research about solid fuel boilers and describe solid fuels. In second part of bachelor thesis I make an experiment. I measure an emission and efficient burning wood and coal.
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Impactor for fine particle collection
Paulíková, Kateřina ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
This master thesis provides an overview of fine particles contained in the air and possibilities for their analysis, measurement and capture. In the beginning, the fine particle's size and origin is described. Then, the influence of fine particles on human health is stated. Next, methods of air analysis and fine particle's measurement are presented. Legislation for emissions and immissions in the Czech Republic is summarized. Finally the selected types of impactors are introduced. The practical part consists of three chapters. First chapter contains the fundamental calculation procedure and its subsequent refinement. In the following part the comparison of the calculation procedure with the parameters of the commercial impactor is provided. Lastly, the design of the impactor is created for the specified parameters using the developed calculation procedure.
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